Engineering Reference Charts — Australian Industry

AIMS Industrial's curated reference library — engineering charts, sizing tables, Australian standards and selection guides used by tradespeople, engineers and maintenance teams across Australia. Every chart and guide here is researched, tested and written by our team for working Australian industry.

Bookmark this page. Each link opens a detailed reference article with full charts, conversion tables and Australian/international standards (AS/NZS, ISO, DIN, ANSI).

Quick Navigation

• Fasteners & Threading Reference
• Bolts, Nuts, Screws & Washers
• Tools & Wrench Sizes
• Bearings & Power Transmission
• Lubrication & Sealants
• Measuring & Engineering
• Pipes, Valves & Fittings
• Safety & Australian Standards
• Welding Reference

Fasteners & Threading Reference

Standard sizes, thread pitches, drill-tap charts and metric/imperial conversion for fasteners and threading.

• Tap Drill Size Chart — Metric, imperial and BSP thread tap drill sizes
• Drill Bit Size Chart — Metric, imperial and fractional drill bit sizes
• Metric vs Imperial Fasteners — How to choose the right fastener for the job
• Metric Bolt Sizes M3–M24 — Dimensions, thread pitches and head sizes
• Metric Bolt Torque Chart — Tightening guide for Grades 4.6, 8.8, 10.9 & 12.9
• Bolt Grade Chart — Metric, imperial and high tensile head markings
• Stainless Steel Fastener Grades — A2, A4, -70 and -80 grades explained
• BSP vs NPT vs UNC — Australian thread standards guide
• Basic Tapping Drill Diameters — Understanding pitch diameter calculations
• Keyways & Key Steel Charts — Parallel keys, Woodruff keys and key steel sizes

Bolts, Nuts, Screws & Washers

Selection, sizing and head-type reference for fasteners.

• Hex Bolt Guide — Types, sizes and how to choose
• Socket Head Cap Screws (DIN 912) — Grades, sizes and Allen key selection
• Button Head Socket Screws — ISO 7380-1 vs 7380-2 sizes and torque
• Countersunk Screws — Types, angles and how to countersink correctly
• Screw Head Types — Pan, Button, Truss & Countersunk explained
• Types of Nuts — Hex, Nyloc, Wing, Flange & more
• Types of Washers — Flat, Spring, Lock, Structural & Sealing
• Grub Screws — Types, drive styles & sizing
• Threaded Rod Guide — All thread, grades and sizes
• Coach Bolt & Coach Screw Guide — Sizes and pilot holes for timber fixing

Tools & Wrench Sizes

Tool sizing references including socket, spanner, drill and bit references.

• Socket Size Chart — Metric, imperial and drive sizes
• Spanner Size Chart — Metric and imperial wrench sizes
• Socket Drive Size Guide — 1/4", 3/8", 1/2" and 3/4" applications
• Allen Key & Hex Key Guide — Sizes and uses
• Torx Bit Sizes — T-numbers, sizes and driver selection
• Drill Bit Types — Materials, points and uses
• Cobalt Drill Bits — M35 vs M42 and stainless drilling
• End Mill Guide — Flute count, coatings and selection

Bearings & Power Transmission

Bearing types, cross-reference, V-belt sizes and pulley calculations.

• Bearing Cross Reference — SKF, NSK, NTN, FAG, NACHI & Koyo equivalents
• Deep Groove Ball Bearings — 6200/6300 series with seals and brands
• Needle Roller Bearings — Types, sizes and applications
• Thrust Bearings — Types, sizes and selection
• Taper Lock Bushings — Sizes, installation and removal
• Pulley Speed Ratio — How to calculate drive ratios
• Pulley Types — V-belt sheaves, taper lock and selection
• V-Belt Sizing & Identification — A, B, C, SPZ, SPA and SPB profiles
• Timing Belt Guide — Profiles and selection
• Roller Chain — Sizes, types and sprocket reference

Lubrication & Sealants

Oil viscosity grades, grease selection, thread sealants and adhesive references.

• Oil Viscosity Chart — ISO VG, SAE and AGMA conversion
• Hydraulic Oil Guide — ISO VG grades, AW vs HV compatibility
• Gear Oil Guide — ISO VG grades, EP ratings and gearbox selection
• Grease Selection — NLGI grades and EP additives
• Loctite Grade Selection — Which threadlocker, sealant or adhesive to use
• Industrial Adhesive Types — Complete chemistry guide
• Anti-Seize Compounds — Types, uses and torque reference
• Cutting Fluids & Oils — Types, selection and application

Measuring & Engineering

Measurement standards, GD&T, engineering drawing symbols and material data.

• GD&T Symbols — Complete reference for ASME Y14.5 and ISO 1101
• Engineering Drawing Symbols — Welding, surface finish and dimensional symbols
• Material Density Chart — Steel, aluminium, brass and common metals
• Hardness Testing — Rockwell, Brinell, Vickers and Knoop
• Surface Roughness — Ra, Rz and ISO 21920
• Drill Speeds & Feeds — HSS, cobalt and carbide reference
• Lathe RPM Formula — SFM calculation and speed chart
• Micrometer Use — How to read and select

Pipes, Valves & Fittings

Pipe schedules, flange standards and valve selection.

• Steel Pipe Schedule Chart — NPS, SCH and wall thickness reference
• Pipe Flange Guide — AS 2129 Tables D/E and ANSI classes
• Hydraulic Fittings — BSP, JIC, ORFS and metric
• O-Ring Sizes & Materials — NBR, Viton and EPDM selection
• Spiral Wound Gaskets — Construction, flange standards and colour codes
• Ball Valve Guide — Types, materials and selection
• Butterfly Valves — Types, seat materials and selection
• Camlock Fittings — Types A-F, materials and pressure

Safety & Australian Standards

PPE compliance, lockout-tagout, hard hat classifications and AS/NZS references.

• Hard Hat Guide — Types, classes and AS/NZS 1801
• Safety Glasses — Types and AS/NZS 1337 compliance
• Respirators & Dust Masks — P1, P2, P3 and Australian standards
• Hearing Protection — Earplugs vs earmuffs and NRR ratings
• Hi-Vis Vest Classes — Day, night and AS/NZS 4602
• Safety Footwear — Steel cap boots and Australian standards
• Lockout Tagout (LOTO) — AS 4024 compliance and procedures
• Safety Signs — AS 1319 mandatory, prohibition and warning

Welding Reference

Process comparison, electrode selection and PPE references.

• MIG Welding Guide — Settings, wire, gas and technique
• TIG Welding Guide — Tungsten types, settings and materials
• Stick Welding (SMAW) — Setup, electrodes and Australian standards
• TIG Tungsten Electrodes — Colour codes and selection
• Welding Helmets — Auto-darkening, shades and PAPR
• Welding Eye Protection — Shade guide and filter selection
• Welding Consumables — Electrodes, wire and gas
• Plasma Cutters — Types, amperage and settings

Frequently Asked Questions

What thread standard do Australian industries use?

Australian industry uses three primary thread standards: ISO Metric (most common for general engineering, fasteners and machinery), BSP/BSPT (predominantly pipe fittings, hydraulics and pneumatics) and Unified UNC/UNF (legacy automotive and US-spec equipment). For full reference see our BSP vs NPT vs UNC thread standards guide.

How do I convert a metric bolt size to imperial?

M8 is closest to 5/16", M10 to 3/8", M12 to 1/2", M16 to 5/8", M20 to 3/4", and M24 to 1". These are not exact equivalents — pitch and head size differ. For full conversion see our metric vs imperial fastener guide.

What ISO viscosity grade is equivalent to SAE 30 motor oil?

SAE 30 motor oil is approximately equivalent to ISO VG 100. SAE 10W is roughly ISO VG 32; SAE 20W is roughly ISO VG 68. See our oil viscosity chart for the full SAE-to-ISO conversion.

Which bearing brands cross-reference to SKF 6205-2RS?

Common cross-references include NSK 6205-2RS, NACHI 6205-2NSL, Koyo 6205-2RD, NTN 6205-LLB and FAG 6205-2RSR. See our bearing cross reference guide for the full SKF/NSK/NTN/FAG/NACHI/Koyo lookup.

What is the correct tightening torque for an M10 Grade 8.8 bolt?

Approximately 47 Nm dry / 35 Nm lubricated for an M10 x 1.5 Grade 8.8 bolt at 60% of yield. See our metric bolt torque chart for all grades and sizes including 4.6, 8.8, 10.9 and 12.9.

Which Australian standard covers safety footwear?

AS/NZS 2210.3 specifies the requirements, testing and marking of personal protective safety footwear in Australia. See our safety boots guide for compliance details and brand selection.

Need help selecting a product?

Our Sydney team has been supplying Australian industry since 1988. If a chart or guide doesn't cover your specific need, call (02) 9773 0122 or visit our contact page for technical assistance, bulk pricing or sourcing what isn't listed online.

Browse our full product catalogue for over 100,000 industrial supplies — bearings, fasteners, lubricants, safety, welding, tools and more.